Consider the classic children’s song that goes something like this:
Jesus loves me this I know
For the bible tells me so
Little ones to him belong
They are weak but he is strong
This is an example of an “argument by scriptural authority.” These arguments are less concerned with persuasion than with justification; i.e. you won’t change someone’s mind with such an argument, but it does lay out why a person holds a particular point of view.